Jaundice - a symptom, at which the coloration of the skin and mucous membranes in the yellowish tint. The reason for this - a surplus in the tissues of the body and blood of bilirubin (a yellow pigment).

Bilirubin is produced in the process of disintegration of red blood cells. During normal operation of all organs and systems of the body, it is excreted by the liver.

There are three symptoms:

• suprarenal, in which there is an excessive production of bilirubin;
• liver, if the process breaks down bilirubin processing;
• obstructive, insufficient allocation of bilirubin together with bile.

Determine the type of jaundice can only qualified physician, based on the results of the research.

Causes of jaundice

Each of the existing types of jaundice has its reasons arise. Suprarenal type of symptom is due to the active destruction of red blood cells. In particular, jaundice can lead to anemia, infections, viruses, blood transfusion, leukemias, incompatibility of Rh factor in children.

The cause is a violation of the process of capturing baking bilirubin cells. Such violations occur in the presence of an infection, the impact of a number of medications, during the process of violation of the outflow of bile.

The development of obstructive jaundice is due to poor drainage of bile on the extrahepatic biliary pathways.

There is another form of the disease - false, which occurs after eating foods containing large amounts of carotene.

As there is jaundice?

Development of the symptoms start immediately after infection (complicated form of the disease). From the moment of infection before symptoms appear first, it may take different times - from 2 to 4 weeks, in some cases even up to 6 months.

After this time period, the virus replicates and actively adapt to environment. Since then, the disease begins to manifest itself. At first it looks like a common cold when a headache, fever, body aches notes. Usually it appears as hepatitis A. Hepatitis B and C Home marked usually mild fever, joint pain, and rash. To begin with hepatitis C is characterized by loss of appetite.

A few days after the onset of the first symptoms of the disease disappears appetite for any form of hepatitis, there is pain in the right upper quadrant, nausea and vomiting.

It is especially dangerous for chronic hepatitis - B group C and D.

How is jaundice?

When jaundice is a cause wrongly occurring physiological processes, it is not contagious, and after it there is no complications.
If jaundice is caused by a virus infection, or when there is suspicion of hepatitis, the patient may be dangerous to others.

• When jaundice viral hepatitis A is transmitted through contaminated food and water.
• Hepatitis B is transmitted by the parenteral route (through the blood). This usually occurs through blood transfusions, from mother to child, and in some cases sexually.
• Infection with hepatitis C may parenterally and sexually.

Signs of jaundice 

A significant number of cases, jaundice disease begins with a condition similar to a cold or flu. Typical signs of a darkening of urine, jaundice of the eyes, palate and the area under the tongue.

In addition, the pigment appears on the face, especially around the mouth and nose. The skin on the palms and soles also turns yellow. The patient noted general weakness, loss of appetite, vomiting, nausea, fever.

Jaundice treatment 

Treatment of the disease should be done under strict medical supervision. To select the method of getting rid of the disease should do blood tests and undergo a liver biopsy. Only after determining the cause, you can begin to treat the disease.

Among the main methods of treatment of jaundice - drug therapy, endoscopy, herbal medicine, surgery.

In particular herbal medicine contributes to the destruction of bilirubin and removes it from the body (often used to treat neonatal) cells.

Treat jaundice medically accepted drugs-hepatoprotectors. These include a Silibinin, Syrepar, Silibor and others. Along with them are prescribed antispasmodics, including No-spa, Dibazol and others.

To restore metabolic processes are advised to take dietary supplements. The latter can produce a detoxification of the body and to overcome the virus.

How to treat jaundice in complex forms

Hepatitis C is the most dangerous type of hepatitis, as it entails the development of cirrhosis and liver cancer. Chronic celebrated every seventh patient. The basis of treatment is given a hepatitis group receiving the preparation of alpha-interferon. Upon completion of the treatment process control of blood should be carried out even for a few months, because after the withdrawal of the drug may again show signs of liver inflammation.

Most infected with hepatitis A disease suffer "acute" infection is in the body a short time - from 1 month to 6. Typically, this group of hepatitis prescribed use of diuretics, and 10 - 20% solution of albumin (a plasma) for the recovery of proteins in the body.

Hepatitis D exists in a single form. It is usually concomitant disease hepatitis B. Treatment provided is the same as in hepatitis B, but it is usually longer.

Hepatitis B is treated naturally occurring protein - interferon-alpha.

Hepatitis E is not treated as a month after infection begins recovery. As auxiliary agents appointed by means of headaches, nausea and other symptoms.

Diet for jaundice

When any type of jaundice is recommended to stick to the diet. Its principle is based on the idea to reduce the load on the liver. All meals should be warm, freshly prepared. It is not allowed reception of hot and cold food.

When jaundice can not eat:

- Smoked;
- Grilled meat and fish;
- Canned any production;
- fatty food;
- Eggs;
- Sour berries and fruit;
- Beans, radishes, mushrooms;
- Any products made from cocoa;
- Black tea;
- Sweet cream;
- Pastry, fresh bread;
- Alcohol.

The patient's diet should include jaundice:
- Low-fat dairy products;
- The cheese is sharp;
- Steam meat;
- Low-fat varieties of fish in a small amount;
- Rye crackers;
- Sunflower oil, butter, olive oil - not more than 50 ml per day;
- Honey;
- Jam from the fruit;
- Non-acidic fresh fruits.
prevention

In order not to fall ill with jaundice, you must follow a few simple rules. You can not drink unboiled water, thoroughly wash fruits and vegetables before eating. Recommended heat treatment of most products.

Prevention
In order not to fall ill with jaundice, you must follow a few simple rules. You can not drink unboiled water, thoroughly wash fruits and vegetables before eating. Recommended heat treatment of most products.

In order to prevent should avoid contact with the biological products of other people. Do not use a razor, toothbrush, nail scissors and tweezers with other people, because these things may remain particles of blood. To protect yourself from the jaundice, should wash their hands as often as possible.

To date, the main preventive measure is vaccination.